Best things to do in Sudan

• Capital: Khartoum
• Language(s): Arabic, English
• Currency: Sudanese pound (SDG)
• Dial Code: + 249

Exploring Sudan: A Hidden Gem in North Africa

Sudan, a country often overshadowed by its larger neighbors, is a fascinating mix of ancient history, rich culture, and stunning landscapes. Nestled in the heart of North Africa, it boasts a unique blend of African and Arab influences that make it a hidden gem for travelers seeking adventure off the beaten path. In this travel guide, we’ll take you on a journey through Sudan’s top attractions, things to do, and places to visit, all while offering a glimpse into its rich history and complex past.

A Quick Introduction to Sudan

Located in the northeastern part of Africa, Sudan shares borders with Egypt to the north, the Red Sea to the northeast, Eritrea and Ethiopia to the east, South Sudan to the south, and Chad to the west. While politically and geographically linked to both Africa and the Middle East, Sudan’s culture is a melting pot of Arab and indigenous African traditions. Arabic is the official language, and over 97% of the population practices Islam. The Nile River, the world’s longest river, flows through the country, dividing it into east and west.

Sudan’s history stretches back millennia, intertwining with the ancient civilizations of Egypt. The country was once part of the Kingdom of Kush, one of the most powerful African civilizations of its time. After gaining independence from Egypt and the UK in 1956, Sudan has faced several periods of conflict, leading to the eventual creation of South Sudan in 2011. Despite its turbulent past, Sudan offers visitors a chance to explore ancient ruins, vibrant cultures, and stunning landscapes that remain largely undiscovered by mainstream tourism.

Khartoum: The Heart of Sudan

No visit to Sudan would be complete without stopping in Khartoum, the capital city. Located at the confluence of the Blue and White Nile Rivers, Khartoum is a bustling metropolis where history meets modernity. As the political, cultural, and commercial center of Sudan, Khartoum is filled with top attractions that offer visitors a taste of Sudanese life.

Start your exploration at the National Museum of Sudan, which houses an impressive collection of artifacts from ancient Nubian and Egyptian civilizations. The museum offers a fascinating insight into Sudan’s rich history, including the Kingdom of Kush and its influence on the region.

Next, head to the Omdurman Market, one of the largest in Africa. Here, you can shop for traditional Sudanese textiles, spices, jewelry, and handicrafts. The market is a lively place where you can immerse yourself in the sights, sounds, and smells of Sudanese culture.

One of the most unique things to do in Khartoum is to visit the confluence of the Blue and White Nile Rivers. The spot where these two mighty rivers meet is both beautiful and historically significant, offering stunning views and a peaceful escape from the city’s hustle and bustle.

Exploring Ancient Sudan: Pyramids and Ruins

For history buffs, Sudan is home to some of the most remarkable ancient ruins in the world, rivaling Egypt’s pyramids in their grandeur. If you’re wondering where to go for an unforgettable historical experience, look no further than Meroe. This ancient site, once the capital of the Kingdom of Kush, is home to over 200 pyramids, many of which are older than their Egyptian counterparts.

Meroe is one of the best-kept secrets in Africa, offering a quieter, less touristy alternative to the crowds of Egypt. The site is a treasure trove of sightseeing opportunities, with its towering pyramids, impressive temples, and ancient burial grounds. A visit to Meroe feels like stepping back in time, offering a glimpse into a civilization that flourished long before the rise of Egypt.

Another must-visit archaeological site is Nubian Meroitic Temples, located near the banks of the Nile. These temples, built during the reign of the Kingdom of Kush, are a testament to Sudan’s ancient grandeur. If you’re looking for places to visit that combine history and breathtaking landscapes, this is one destination you can’t miss.

The Red Sea Coast: Sun, Sea, and Sand

Sudan’s Red Sea coastline is often overlooked by tourists, but this hidden gem offers some of the best places to visit for beach lovers and adventurers alike. The Port Sudan area, with its crystal-clear waters and vibrant coral reefs, is perfect for snorkeling and diving. The underwater world here is teeming with marine life, making it a haven for divers and snorkelers seeking to explore one of the most untouched underwater ecosystems in the world.

For those who prefer land-based activities, the Suakin Islands are another great spot for sightseeing. These historic islands, once an important trading post during the Ottoman Empire, are now a peaceful retreat for visitors looking to escape the crowds. Wander through the ruins of old stone buildings, explore the secluded beaches, and enjoy the tranquility of Sudan’s coastal paradise.

Darfur: A Region of Complex History

Darfur, located in the western part of Sudan, is a region that has unfortunately gained global attention due to ongoing conflicts. However, despite the hardships, Darfur is home to a rich cultural heritage, with numerous ethnic groups calling this region home. If you’re interested in learning more about Sudan’s complex political and social history, Darfur offers a unique, if challenging, experience.

While tourism to Darfur is limited due to the security situation, the region is home to some incredible historical sites and natural beauty. The Jebel Marra Mountains, for example, are a stunning destination for hikers and nature lovers, offering spectacular views and the chance to see rare wildlife. This area is a bit off the beaten path, but if you’re up for an adventure and can visit safely, it offers a chance to connect with a different side of Sudan.

Sudan’s Unique Cuisine: A Flavorful Journey

No trip to Sudan is complete without sampling its traditional cuisine. Sudanese food is a reflection of its diverse cultures, combining Arabic, African, and Middle Eastern flavors. One of the most popular dishes is fuul, a hearty stew made with fava beans, garlic, and spices, often served with flatbread for breakfast. Another must-try is kisra, a sour flatbread that pairs perfectly with stews and meats.

For those with a sweet tooth, Sudan’s date-based desserts are a treat. Try khoshaf, a delicious dessert made from dried fruits, nuts, and sweet syrup, or indulge in baklava, a pastry made of layers of phyllo dough, honey, and nuts. Sudanese food is rich in flavor, and tasting local dishes is one of the best things to do while exploring the country.

Travel Tips for Visiting Sudan

While Sudan is not yet a major tourist destination, it offers a wealth of unique experiences for those willing to venture off the typical tourist trail. However, there are some important things to keep in mind when planning your trip:

1. Visas: Most visitors to Sudan will need a visa to enter the country. Be sure to check the latest visa requirements before you go.

2. Safety: While many parts of Sudan are safe for travelers, certain areas, such as Darfur, have experienced ongoing conflicts. It’s essential to stay informed about the security situation and travel with caution.

3. Language: Arabic is the official language in Sudan, but English is also widely spoken in larger cities, especially among the younger generation.

4. Weather: Sudan has a hot desert climate, with temperatures often soaring above 100°F (38°C). Be prepared for the heat, and drink plenty of water to stay hydrated.

Conclusion: Why Sudan Should Be on Your Travel Bucket List

From the ancient pyramids of Meroe to the beautiful Red Sea coastline, Sudan is a country that has so much to offer travelers who are looking for something different. While it may not yet be a mainstream destination, it is definitely one of the most underrated places to visit in Africa. Whether you’re exploring the historical ruins, diving into the crystal-clear waters of the Red Sea, or enjoying the delicious Sudanese cuisine, there’s no shortage of things to do in this fascinating country.

So, if you’re looking for a unique adventure that combines history, culture, and natural beauty, Sudan might just be the perfect place for your next journey. Just be sure to pack your curiosity and a sense of adventure—you’re in for a wild ride!