Best things to do in Kazakhstan

• Capital: Astana
• Language(s): Kazakh, Russian
• Currency: Tenge (KZT)
• Dial Code: + 7

Kazakhstan Travel Guide: A Giant Land of Surprises in Central Asia

If you’ve ever dreamed of venturing off the beaten path into a land where steppes stretch beyond the horizon, where futuristic cities rise from the desert, and where ancient nomadic culture meets space exploration—then buckle up, because this Kazakhstan travel guide is your golden ticket.

Welcome to Kazakhstan, the largest landlocked country on the planet and the ninth largest in the world. That’s right—this Central Asian giant is bigger than all of Western Europe combined. But don’t worry, you don’t have to explore it all at once. We’ve narrowed it down for you with a guide to the top attractions, unforgettable places to visit, and fun things to do in Kazakhstan.

The Basics: Where in the World is Kazakhstan?

Kazakhstan is a transcontinental country, mostly in Central Asia with a bit of land creeping into Eastern Europe. It shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan, and it cozies up to the Caspian Sea. While it doesn't touch Mongolia, it's just a stone’s throw away.

The capital city is Astana (previously known as Nur-Sultan), a gleaming, modern metropolis that was moved from Almaty in 1997. Almaty, by the way, is still Kazakhstan’s largest and arguably coolest city. With futuristic architecture, mountains in the background, and a vibe that mixes old Silk Road charm with modern ambition, Kazakhstan is unlike anywhere else.

Astana: The City of Tomorrow

Let’s start with Astana, a place that looks like someone let a science fiction architect loose with a blank check. This city is a visual feast and a must on any Kazakhstan sightseeing itinerary.

Top attractions in Astana include:

• Bayterek Tower – An enormous golden orb atop a tower that offers panoramic city views. Symbolizes a Kazakh myth about a magic bird and the tree of life.

• Khan Shatyr – A giant, tent-like shopping and entertainment complex. Yes, it even has a beach inside. In the middle of the steppe.

• The Palace of Peace and Reconciliation – A massive glass pyramid dedicated to religious unity. It’s like something out of a Dan Brown novel.

Astana is the kind of place that will have you questioning whether you’re in Central Asia, Dubai, or an intergalactic diplomatic hub.

Almaty: Culture, Cuisine, and Mountains

Next stop on your Kazakhstan travel guide: Almaty. Nestled at the foot of the snow-capped Tian Shan mountains, Almaty is where culture, cuisine, and nightlife come together with a distinctly Kazakh flair.

Things to do in Almaty:

• Visit Kok-Tobe Hill for panoramic views and a ride on the cable car.

• Wander the Green Bazaar, a sensory overload of spices, meats, and local treats.

• Try beshbarmak, Kazakhstan’s national dish. It literally means “five fingers” because it’s traditionally eaten with your hands.

• Explore Big Almaty Lake, a turquoise alpine lake surrounded by dramatic peaks. Instagram gold.

Almaty is also the best base for outdoor adventures. Want to ski in winter or hike through wildflower-covered meadows in summer? This is your launchpad.

A Land of Landscapes: Nature in Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan’s vast terrain is like a giant sampler platter of natural wonders. Think deserts, mountains, canyons, and lakes all in one trip.

Top natural places to visit in Kazakhstan:

• Charyn Canyon – Often dubbed the “Grand Canyon’s little brother,” it’s every bit as photogenic and a lot less crowded.

• Kolsai Lakes – A trio of alpine lakes surrounded by forested mountains. It’s like stepping into a fairytale.

• Altai Mountains – Snowy peaks, rich biodiversity, and mystical vibes near the Chinese and Russian borders.

• The Singing Dunes in Altyn-Emel National Park – A natural phenomenon where the sand produces a humming sound when the wind blows just right. It’s like Mother Nature's own musical performance.

If you’re looking for things to do in Kazakhstan beyond the cities, nature lovers will find plenty of reasons to fall in love with the landscape.

A Journey Through History

Kazakhstan’s history is wild, complex, and full of dramatic turns. Originally inhabited by nomadic tribes, it later came under Russian and Soviet rule. The country only became independent in 1991, making it one of the last Soviet republics to break away.

For history buffs, Kazakhstan has some fascinating sightseeing options:

• Baikonur Cosmodrome – The world's first and largest space launch facility. Yes, you can actually visit it (with advance planning). This is where Yuri Gagarin launched into history.

• Semipalatinsk Test Site – Also known as “The Polygon,” this was the USSR’s nuclear testing ground. It’s sobering and surreal.

• Ethno-memorial complex Map of Kazakhstan “Atameken” – A massive outdoor map showing major cities and cultural landmarks. Great for a crash course in the country’s geography and diversity.

People, Culture, and Camels

Kazakhstan is home to over 130 ethnic groups, including Kazakhs, Russians, Uyghurs, Ukrainians, Uzbeks, and Tatars. This mix gives the country a rich cultural fabric. Most people speak Kazakh and Russian, and you’ll find both languages on signs and in everyday life.

Despite modern cities and rapid development, the nomadic spirit is still alive. Traditional yurts dot the countryside, and you might even see herds of wild horses or camels roaming freely.

Religious diversity is respected—most people are Muslim, but there’s also a significant Christian population. You’ll see mosques, churches, and temples coexisting peacefully.

Is Kazakhstan Safe for Travelers?

In short: yes. Kazakhstan is one of the most politically stable and traveler-friendly countries in Central Asia. While English isn’t widespread outside of big cities, people are welcoming and often curious about foreign visitors. Learn a few words in Kazakh or Russian and you’ll make fast friends.

Final Thoughts: Why You Should Visit Kazakhstan

Kazakhstan is a land of contrasts. It’s where space rockets launch from ancient steppes, where futuristic cities rise beside traditional yurts, and where the past, present, and future all shake hands.

Whether you’re a history nerd, nature lover, city explorer, or just someone who wants a truly unique adventure, Kazakhstan delivers.

This travel guide barely scratches the surface of all the places to visit in Kazakhstan, but hopefully, it whets your appetite for more. From wild canyons to golden towers, there's no shortage of unforgettable things to do and top attractions to explore.

So, if you’re looking for your next epic journey, skip the obvious and head for the steppe. Kazakhstan is calling—and it’s got a lot more than just camels and canyons.